{"id":26004,"date":"2025-04-03T09:00:04","date_gmt":"2025-04-03T07:00:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/?p=26004"},"modified":"2025-04-03T09:00:04","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T07:00:04","slug":"orwell-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2025\/04\/03\/orwell-5\/","title":{"rendered":"Auguste Gallois : Trag\u00e9die birmane, de George Orwell"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Article d&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/maitron.fr\/spip.php?article23956\">Auguste Gallois<\/a> paru dans <em><a href=\"https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/bpt6k4700301x\/f1.image.zoom\">Le Peuple<\/a><\/em>, organe officiel de la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du travail, vingt-sixi\u00e8me ann\u00e9e, n\u00b0 119, nouvelle s\u00e9rie, 23 novembre 1946, p.<\/strong> <strong>5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"580\" height=\"931\" data-attachment-id=\"26005\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2025\/04\/03\/orwell-5\/orwell-tragedie-birmane\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/orwell-tragedie-birmane.jpg?fit=935%2C1500&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"935,1500\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"orwell trag\u00e9die birmane\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/orwell-tragedie-birmane.jpg?fit=187%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/orwell-tragedie-birmane.jpg?fit=580%2C931&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/orwell-tragedie-birmane.jpg?resize=580%2C931&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-26005\" style=\"width:346px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/orwell-tragedie-birmane.jpg?resize=638%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 638w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/orwell-tragedie-birmane.jpg?resize=187%2C300&amp;ssl=1 187w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/orwell-tragedie-birmane.jpg?resize=768%2C1232&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/orwell-tragedie-birmane.jpg?w=935&amp;ssl=1 935w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">NE aux Indes en 1903, George Orwell repr\u00e9sente pour l&rsquo;instant en Angleterre l&rsquo;\u00e9crivain d&rsquo;action du genre de Malraux. Dans une vie d\u00e9j\u00e0 longue et bien remplie, cet auteur fut tout \u00e0 la fois voyageur, romancier, journaliste, critique litt\u00e9raire et m\u00eame combattant pendant la guerre civile espagnole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>Pana\u00eft Istrati, qui s&rsquo;y connaissait en mis\u00e8re, pr\u00e9senta jadis, de ce romancier, un livre d&rsquo;un r\u00e9alisme cruel, \u00ab La Vache Enrag\u00e9e \u00bb, dans lequel Orwell raconte sa vie de souffrance et de d\u00e9nuement \u00e0 Paris et \u00e0 Londres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aujourd&rsquo;hui, dans la \u00ab Trag\u00e9die birmane \u00bb, nous sommes transport\u00e9s au plus profond du myst\u00e8re des v\u00e9g\u00e9tations de la steppe \u00e9pineuse, des bois de teck, d&rsquo;h\u00e9v\u00e9as ou de coprah. Un pays de feu rong\u00e9 par la clart\u00e9 plomb\u00e9e de la lumi\u00e8re ou dilu\u00e9 sous les trombes d&rsquo;eau. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u00ab Sa chaleur, nous dit Orwell, s&rsquo;exhale de cette terre comme le souffle d&rsquo;un four. Les fleurs lassantes \u00e0 voir flambent dans une orgie de soleil sans remuer un seul p\u00e9tale. \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A c\u00f4t\u00e9 de ce cadre neuf pour nous, dont nous subissons la violence et l&rsquo;\u00e9clat, le cr\u00e9ateur nous introduit dans la vie \u00e9triqu\u00e9e, pleine d&rsquo;intrigues, d&rsquo;un petit village isol\u00e9, \u00e0 quelques centaines de kilom\u00e8tres de Mandalay. D\u00e9fiance dans les relations, rivalit\u00e9s de prestige, jalousie de femmes, envie, soup\u00e7ons, ombrage, pour tout, pour rien. Un monde d&rsquo;une \u00e9troitesse d&rsquo;esprit presque indiscernable tant elle est affligeante, le monde de coloniaux anglais, ce monde dont il dit :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u00ab C&rsquo;est l&rsquo;\u00e9ternel sentiment d&rsquo;\u00eatre des mouchards et des menteurs qui nous tourmente et nous conduit \u00e0 nous justifier nuit et jour. C&rsquo;est au fond pour moiti\u00e9 \u00e0 cause de notre bestialit\u00e9 envers les indig\u00e8nes. Nous, Anglais de l&rsquo;Inde, pourrions \u00eatre \u00e0 peu pr\u00e8s supportables, si seulement nous admettions sans fumisterie que nous sommes des voleurs et toujours des voleurs \u2026 \u00bb. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Plus loin, il \u00e9crit :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u00ab Le fonctionnaire \u00e9crase le Birman sous ses pieds, tandis que l&rsquo;homme d&rsquo;affaires, lui, fouille les poches \u2026 \u00bb <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>En certains passages fort virulents, il n&rsquo;h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 condamner la colonisation : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u00ab Nous n&rsquo;avons jamais enseign\u00e9 aux Hindous une seule m\u00e9thode de commerce utile. Nous ne l&rsquo;osons pas, effray\u00e9s par la comp\u00e9tition industrielle. O\u00f9 sont maintenant les mousselines hindoues ? Nous avons m\u00eame \u00e9cras\u00e9 diverses industries \u2026 \u00bb.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Et puis, nous aurons pour parfaire cette fresque splendide, une marqueterie de notules et de petites sc\u00e8nes qui contribue \u00e0 l&#8217;embellissement du tout.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Article d&rsquo;Auguste Gallois paru dans Le Peuple, organe officiel de la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du travail, vingt-sixi\u00e8me ann\u00e9e, n\u00b0 119, nouvelle s\u00e9rie, 23 novembre 1946, p. 5 NE aux Indes en 1903, George Orwell repr\u00e9sente pour l&rsquo;instant en Angleterre l&rsquo;\u00e9crivain d&rsquo;action du genre de Malraux. Dans une vie d\u00e9j\u00e0 longue et bien remplie, cet auteur fut [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,8],"tags":[28,138,4742,260,1432,3476,1366,1211,5739],"class_list":["post-26004","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-livres","category-presse","tag-28","tag-anticolonialisme","tag-auguste-gallois","tag-cgt","tag-critique","tag-george-orwell","tag-le-peuple","tag-litterature","tag-nagel"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9lTYU-6Lq","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":18337,"url":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2023\/03\/18\/auguste-gallois-le-dieu-des-tenebres\/","url_meta":{"origin":26004,"position":0},"title":"Auguste Gallois : Le Dieu des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres par Arthur Koestler, Ignazio Silone, Richard Wright, Andr\u00e9 Gide, Louis Fischer, Stephen Spender","author":"SiNedjib","date":"18\/03\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Article d'Auguste Gallois paru dans Force ouvri\u00e8re, n\u00b0 234, 22 juin 1950, p. 12 Richard Crossman, d\u00e9put\u00e9 aux communes et r\u00e9dacteur en chef du New Statesman and Nation, nous explique que ce livre est issu du feu de discussions qui eurent lieu, un certain soir, chez Arthur Koestler, dans le\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;presse&quot;","block_context":{"text":"presse","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/category\/presse\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/dieu-des-tenebres.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/dieu-des-tenebres.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/dieu-des-tenebres.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/dieu-des-tenebres.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/dieu-des-tenebres.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":18268,"url":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2023\/03\/12\/auguste-gallois-laffaire-toulaev-de-victor-serge\/","url_meta":{"origin":26004,"position":1},"title":"Auguste Gallois : L&rsquo;affaire Toula\u00e9v de Victor Serge","author":"SiNedjib","date":"12\/03\/2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Article d'Auguste Gallois paru dans Force ouvri\u00e8re, n\u00b0 167, 10 mars 1949, p. 10 CE n'est pas autre chose qu'un roman de la vie russe d'avant la derni\u00e8re guerre mondiale. \u00c9coutez la voix de Victor Serge. C'est un de ceux qui savent et qui va vous parler de ce qui\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;presse&quot;","block_context":{"text":"presse","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/category\/presse\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-1.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-1.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-1.jpeg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-1.jpeg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-1.jpeg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":14139,"url":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2021\/09\/25\/auguste-gallois-ou-va-le-peuple-americain-de-daniel-guerin\/","url_meta":{"origin":26004,"position":2},"title":"Auguste Gallois : O\u00f9 va le peuple am\u00e9ricain ? de Daniel Gu\u00e9rin","author":"SiNedjib","date":"25\/09\/2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Article d'Auguste Gallois paru dans Force ouvri\u00e8re, n\u00b0238, 20 juillet 1950, p. 11 BEAUCOUP de nos camarades reviennent actuellement d'Am\u00e9rique. Tout ce qu'ils peuvent nous dire nous int\u00e9resse toujours passionn\u00e9ment. Toutefois, si vigilant \u00e0 observer, si lucide soit-on, il n'est pas bien certain qu'en six semaines ou deux mois il\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;presse&quot;","block_context":{"text":"presse","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/category\/presse\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Force-ouvriere-20-juillet-1950.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":26018,"url":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2025\/04\/06\/orwell-8\/","url_meta":{"origin":26004,"position":3},"title":"Fran\u00e7ois Erval : George Orwell vient de mourir","author":"SiNedjib","date":"06\/04\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Article de Fran\u00e7ois Erval paru dans Combat, 26 janvier 1950, p. 4 Un des meilleurs \u00e9crivains anglais ROMANCIER, critique, journaliste et homme politique, George Orwell vient de mourir \u00e0 l'\u00e2ge de 46 ans apr\u00e8s une longue maladie. Son nom et son \u0153uvre sont peu connus en France, alors que la\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;presse&quot;","block_context":{"text":"presse","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/category\/presse\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Combat-26-janvier-1950.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":26001,"url":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2025\/04\/02\/orwell-4\/","url_meta":{"origin":26004,"position":4},"title":"Maurice Nadeau : George Orwell","author":"SiNedjib","date":"02\/04\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Article de Maurice Nadeau paru dans Combat, 13 juillet 1950, p. 4 Au d\u00e9but de cette ann\u00e9e, mourait de tuberculose dans une clinique londonienne George Orwell, l'un des plus importants \u00e9crivains anglais contemporains. Nous avions lu de lui, en fran\u00e7ais, La Vache enrag\u00e9e, Trag\u00e9die birmane, Les Animaux partout ! \"1984\",\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;livres&quot;","block_context":{"text":"livres","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/category\/livres\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/George-Orwell-1984-premiere-edition.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":16522,"url":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2022\/07\/08\/la-vache-enragee-par-george-orwell-gallimard\/","url_meta":{"origin":26004,"position":5},"title":"La vache enrag\u00e9e, par George Orwell (Gallimard)","author":"SiNedjib","date":"08\/07\/2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Recension parue dans Le Monde illustr\u00e9, 26 octobre 1935, p. 16 Curieux sujet ; curieux auteur. Plusieurs \u00e9crivains, traqu\u00e9s par la crise, ont d\u00fb devenir plongeurs de restaurant. George Orwell les venge. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 plongeur ; le voici \u00e9crivain. Policier aux Indes vers 1925, il quitte le service du\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;presse&quot;","block_context":{"text":"presse","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/category\/presse\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/orwell-vache-enragee.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26004","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26004"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26004\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26006,"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26004\/revisions\/26006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26004"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26004"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26004"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}