{"id":3462,"date":"2018-05-13T17:33:31","date_gmt":"2018-05-13T15:33:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sinedjib.com\/?p=3462"},"modified":"2025-11-03T23:11:51","modified_gmt":"2025-11-03T22:11:51","slug":"malcom-x-a-paris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2018\/05\/13\/malcom-x-a-paris\/","title":{"rendered":"Malcolm \u00ab\u00a0X\u00a0\u00bb \u00e0 Paris"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Article paru dans <a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/archivesautonomies.org\/IMG\/pdf\/soub\/pouvoirouvrier\/po-n066.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Pouvoir ouvrier<\/em><\/a>, n\u00b0 66, d\u00e9cembre 1964, p. 12<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"3463\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2018\/05\/13\/malcom-x-a-paris\/1964-12-po\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/1964-12-PO.png?fit=518%2C608&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"518,608\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"1964-12 PO\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/1964-12-PO.png?fit=256%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/1964-12-PO.png?fit=518%2C608&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/1964-12-PO-256x300.png?resize=312%2C366\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3463\" width=\"312\" height=\"366\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/1964-12-PO.png?resize=256%2C300&amp;ssl=1 256w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/1964-12-PO.png?w=518&amp;ssl=1 518w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 312px) 100vw, 312px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">Malcolm \u00ab\u00a0X\u00a0\u00bb, ex-leader des \u00ab\u00a0musulmans noirs\u00a0\u00bb am\u00e9ricains (et actuellement leader d&rsquo;un Mouvement pour l&rsquo;Unit\u00e9 Afro-am\u00e9ricaine) a tenu le 26 novembre \u00e0 la Mutualit\u00e9 une r\u00e9union organis\u00e9e par Pr\u00e9sence Africaine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>Malcolm revenait d&rsquo;un voyage dans les pays d&rsquo;Afrique Noire. Dans un court expos\u00e9 en anglais il a expliqu\u00e9 comment la lutte des africains pour l&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance a d\u00e9clench\u00e9 la lutte des noirs aux U.S.A. et leur a permis de retrouver la fiert\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0de leur n\u00e9gritude\u00a0\u00bb. Son voyage avait pour but d&rsquo;internationaliser la lutte des noirs dans le monde : \u00ab\u00a0Le probl\u00e8me noir n&rsquo;est pas seulement am\u00e9ricain mais doit \u00eatre ressenti comme un probl\u00e8me humain des droits de l&rsquo;homme et la question sera port\u00e9e devant l&rsquo;O.N.U. \u00ab\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le public, compos\u00e9 essentiellement de noirs africains et am\u00e9ricains, r\u00e9pondit chaleureusement \u00e0 ses paroles. Mais, nous les quelques blancs de la salle, nous nous sentions un peu de trop lorsqu&rsquo;un auditeur d\u00e9montra que le premier homme \u00e9tait un noir, et que Malcolm \u00ab\u00a0X\u00a0\u00bb pr\u00e9dit que la race noire allait devenir pr\u00e9dominante dans le monde, que la lutte des noirs enfin s&rsquo;engageait contre les blancs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De quel blanc et de quel noir s&rsquo;agissait-t-il ? Nous attendions que Malcolm fasse le lien entre la lutte du noir et celle du travailleur opprim\u00e9, mis \u00e0 part la violence avec laquelle il attaqua les colonialistes europ\u00e9ens en Afrique et l&rsquo;imp\u00e9rialiste am\u00e9ricain, ses analyses politiques furent inexistantes sinon racistes. Lorsqu&rsquo;une personne de l&rsquo;assistance demanda quel \u00e9tait son programme politique, il r\u00e9pondit : \u00ab\u00a0il n&rsquo;y n pas de solution \u00e9conomique ou politique au probl\u00e8me noir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Puisque le retour en Afrique des noirs am\u00e9ricains n&rsquo;est plus que symbolique et psychologique, que Malcolm \u00ab\u00a0X\u00a0\u00bb a choisi de se battre aux U.S.A. et que, d&rsquo;autre part, il refuse l&rsquo;int\u00e9gration des noirs \u00e0 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine, o\u00f9 veut-il en venir ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il faudra bien qu&rsquo;il se tourne vers ceux qui sont aussi, sous d&rsquo;autres formes, opprim\u00e9s et exploit\u00e9s par la m\u00eame soci\u00e9t\u00e9 qui opprime et exploite les noirs, c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire vers les travailleurs am\u00e9ricains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il est vrai qu&rsquo;on peut \u00eatre \u00e0 la fois travailleur et avoir des pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s antinoir et que c&rsquo;est le cas de beaucoup de travailleurs am\u00e9ricains, mais il ne sert \u00e0 rien de r\u00e9pondre au racisme blanc par un racisme noir. C&rsquo;est pourquoi Malclom \u00ab\u00a0X\u00a0\u00bb, aussi r\u00e9volt\u00e9 soit-il, semble engag\u00e9 dans une impasse.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Article paru dans Pouvoir ouvrier, n\u00b0 66, d\u00e9cembre 1964, p. 12 Malcolm \u00ab\u00a0X\u00a0\u00bb, ex-leader des \u00ab\u00a0musulmans noirs\u00a0\u00bb am\u00e9ricains (et actuellement leader d&rsquo;un Mouvement pour l&rsquo;Unit\u00e9 Afro-am\u00e9ricaine) a tenu le 26 novembre \u00e0 la Mutualit\u00e9 une r\u00e9union organis\u00e9e par Pr\u00e9sence Africaine.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[44,219,407,1502,908,963,985],"class_list":["post-3462","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-presse","tag-44","tag-black-muslims","tag-etats-unis","tag-malcolm-x","tag-paris","tag-pouvoir-ouvrier","tag-racisme"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9lTYU-TQ","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":27473,"url":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/04\/malcolm-x\/","url_meta":{"origin":3462,"position":0},"title":"Hommage \u00e0 Malcolm X","author":"SiNedjib","date":"04\/11\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"D\u00e9claration parue dans Quatri\u00e8me Internationale, 23e ann\u00e9e, n\u00b0 24, mars 1965 La mort de Malcolm X, assassin\u00e9 \u00e0 un moment qui aurait pu \u00eatre le d\u00e9but de l'\u0153uvre de sa vraie vie, a \u00e9t\u00e9 un coup cruel au mouvement d'\u00e9mancipation aux Etats-Unis et \u00e0 la cause des opprim\u00e9s de tous\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;revues&quot;","block_context":{"text":"revues","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/category\/revues\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Quatrieme-Internationale-1949.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Quatrieme-Internationale-1949.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Quatrieme-Internationale-1949.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Quatrieme-Internationale-1949.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":27476,"url":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/05\/malcolm-x-2\/","url_meta":{"origin":3462,"position":1},"title":"Le temps des assassins","author":"SiNedjib","date":"05\/11\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Article paru dans Sous le drapeau du socialisme, revue de la Commission africaine de la Quatri\u00e8me Internationale, n\u00b0 15, mars 1965 ; suivi de \"Pourquoi ils ont tu\u00e9 Malcolm X\", paru dans Sous le drapeau du socialisme, n\u00b0 16, avril 1965 Aux Etats-Unis, la plus grande \u00ab d\u00e9mocratie \u00bb du\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;revues&quot;","block_context":{"text":"revues","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/category\/revues\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/sous-le-drapeau-du-socialisme-mars-1965.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/sous-le-drapeau-du-socialisme-mars-1965.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/sous-le-drapeau-du-socialisme-mars-1965.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/sous-le-drapeau-du-socialisme-mars-1965.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":12866,"url":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2021\/06\/07\/joseph-hansen-malcom-x-martyr-de-la-liberte\/","url_meta":{"origin":3462,"position":2},"title":"Joseph Hansen : Malcolm X martyr de la libert\u00e9","author":"SiNedjib","date":"07\/06\/2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Articles parus dans L'Internationale, n\u00b0 31, mars 1965, p. 7 L'ASSASSINAT DE MALCOLM X est un coup s\u00e9v\u00e8re \u00e0 la lutte pour la libert\u00e9 aux USA et, avec elle, \u00e0 la lutte pour le Socialisme dans le monde. L'identit\u00e9 politique de ceux qui ont complot\u00e9 l'assassinat n'a pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;presse&quot;","block_context":{"text":"presse","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/category\/presse\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/LInternationale-mars-1965.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/LInternationale-mars-1965.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/LInternationale-mars-1965.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/LInternationale-mars-1965.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":12914,"url":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2021\/06\/11\/j-reier-pour-malcolm-x\/","url_meta":{"origin":3462,"position":3},"title":"J. Reier : Pour Malcolm X","author":"SiNedjib","date":"11\/06\/2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Article de J. Reier paru dans La Quatri\u00e8me Internationale, n\u00b0 13, d\u00e9cembre 1966, p. 6 Je comprends mieux ces yeux lev\u00e9s vers lui dans les rues de Harlem, qui donnaient la complicit\u00e9 et la confiance ; cette haine mortelle que lui d\u00e9diait ses ennemis et qui d\u00e9passa sa mort m\u00eame.\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;presse&quot;","block_context":{"text":"presse","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/category\/presse\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/La-Quatrieme-Internationale-decembre-1966.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/La-Quatrieme-Internationale-decembre-1966.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/La-Quatrieme-Internationale-decembre-1966.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/La-Quatrieme-Internationale-decembre-1966.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":13343,"url":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2021\/07\/19\/black-power-2\/","url_meta":{"origin":3462,"position":4},"title":"Black Power","author":"SiNedjib","date":"19\/07\/2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Article paru dans La Daille, n\u00b0 4, octobre 1967, p. 7-9 Avec les \u00e9meutes de 1965 \u00e0 Watts et celles, toutes r\u00e9centes, de cet \u00e9t\u00e9, il appara\u00eet clairement qu'une p\u00e9riode de luttes vient de mourir et qu'une autre, offensive commence. On dira : \"c'\u00e9tait avant Watts\". Avec les trois jours\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;presse&quot;","block_context":{"text":"presse","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/category\/presse\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/La-Daille-octobre-1967.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":13325,"url":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/2021\/07\/17\/du-black-power\/","url_meta":{"origin":3462,"position":5},"title":"Du \u00ab\u00a0Black-Power\u00a0\u00bb&#8230;","author":"SiNedjib","date":"17\/07\/2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Article paru dans L'Insurg\u00e9, n\u00b0 10, 15 f\u00e9vrier 1969, p. 2 L'hypocrisie collective de l'Est comme de l'Ouest ne voulait pas voir que, dans les sacro-saintes Olympiades, s'affrontaient les grandes puissances politiques qui pr\u00e9sident \u00e0 la destin\u00e9e du monde. Des coups de fusil \u00e0 Harlem, le poing \u00e0 Mexico... Notre\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;presse&quot;","block_context":{"text":"presse","link":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/category\/presse\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinedjib.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/LInsurge-15-fevrier-1969.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3462","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3462"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3462\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13884,"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3462\/revisions\/13884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3462"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3462"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinedjib.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3462"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}